Maryland Dog Bite Law (2026)
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Quick answer
Maryland is a hybrid-rule state. Md. Code, Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 3-1901 creates a rebuttable presumption that the owner knew the dog was dangerous. The presumption shifts the burden to the owner, who may still rebut it, so this is not full strict liability. Victims generally have 3 years as a general injury-law reference. The actual deadline can differ.
Comparative research source: Michigan State University Animal Legal & Historical Center, 2025 survey. Individual statutory citations control.
Who is liable for a dog bite in Maryland?
Md. Code, Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 3-1901 creates a rebuttable presumption that the owner knew the dog was dangerous. The presumption shifts the burden to the owner, who may still rebut it, so this is not full strict liability.
Deadline to file: 3 years
Maryland's general statute of limitations for injury claims is 3 years. Special rules can extend it for minors: common in dog bite cases, since children are the most frequent victims. See the full Maryland statute of limitations guide.
How fault rules affect your claim
Contributory negligence: even 1% of fault can bar recovery entirely (harsh: talk to a lawyer).
Damage-limit note: For non-medical personal injury causes of action arising from October 1, 2025 through September 30, 2026, Maryland's noneconomic-damages limit is $965,000 under Md. Code, Courts & Judicial Proceedings § 11-108. It rises to $980,000 on October 1, 2026. Different aggregate limits apply to wrongful death and medical malpractice.
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Bitten in Maryland? Homeowner's insurance usually pays these claims: find out what yours may be worth.
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Frequently asked questions
Is Maryland a strict liability state for dog bites?
Md. Code, Cts. & Jud. Proc. § 3-1901 creates a rebuttable presumption that the owner knew the dog was dangerous. The presumption shifts the burden to the owner, who may still rebut it, so this is not full strict liability.
How long do I have to file a dog bite claim in Maryland?
Generally 3 years from the date of the bite, with possible extensions for minors. Missing the deadline usually bars the claim entirely.
Who actually pays the settlement?
In most cases the dog owner's homeowner's or renter's insurance, not the owner personally. That's why claims between neighbors or family members are common.
General legal information, not legal advice. Claimelo is not a law firm. Laws and deadlines depend on your circumstances and may change. Consult a licensed attorney about your situation.